Electronic Dura Mater Meddling in the Central Nervous System.

Importance A growing number of neurologic treatments rely on neural implants capable of delivering electrical and chemical stimulation to targeted regions of the central nervous system for extended periods. Objective To assess the potential of a novel class of multimodal neural implants, termed electronic dura mater or e-dura, to fulfill this need. Evidence Review Results from preclinical applications of e-dura implants and clinical evidence. Findings The silicone-based implant e-dura embeds interconnects, electrodes, and chemotrodes that are entirely stretchable. These unique mechanical properties allow e-dura to conform to the circumvolutions of the brain and spinal cord without damaging neural tissues or triggering foreign body reactions. Conclusions and Relevance Although challenges lie ahead to reach clinical fruition, the unique mechanical properties and integrated modalities of e-dura provide future opportunities to treat or alleviate neurologic deficits.